Vertical Profile of Meteoric and Surface-Water Isotopes in Nepal Himalayas to Everest’s Summit

This study presents isotopic compositions and their vertical profile of meteoric surface water samples collected in the Southern Himalaya since 2015, with elevations extending all way up to Mt. Everest’s summit. The data covering a wide altitudinal ranges rich types are presented for first time. series situ 8848 m asl lead following discoveries: (1) dominance rainy-season precipitation surface-water composition Himalaya, (2) high correlation similarity between surface-snow isotopes, thus implying representation isotopes high-elevation climatology, (3) significant altitude effect river ground water, higher lapse rate δ18O highlighting strong local impacts on (4) different transitions suggested by profiles variation snow ice transition at zone 6030 6280 asl, that 5775 (5) complex circulation processes top featuring interaction large-scale mountain valley circulation, katabatic wind, sublimation extremely cold environment. They, thus, confirm altitudes regions influenced patterns clarify effect, suggest application study/isotopic chemistry geological study.